Queen Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 to 1524 in March 1603) was the reigning queen of England and the reigning Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until his death. Sometimes called the Virgin Queen, Gloriana, Oriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. The daughter of Henry VIII, she was born a princess, but her mother, Anne Boleyn, was executed two and a half years after his birth, and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate. His brother, Edward VI, bequeathed the crown to Lady Jane Grey, the cup to his sisters in succession. His will was set aside, and in 1558 Elizabeth succeeded the Catholic Mary I, during whose reign she had been imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting the rebels protestants.Elizabeth put to vote by a good advice, and it depended largely on a group of trusted advisers led by William Cecil, Baron Burghley. One of his first acts as queen was to support the establishment of an English Protestant church, which became the supreme ruler. This Elizabethan religious settlement stood firm throughout her reign and later transformed into today's Church of England. It was expected that Elizabeth would marry, but despite several petitions from parliament and many courtships, she never did. The reasons for this result were discussed at length. As she grew older, Elizabeth became famous for her virginity, and a cult grew up around her which was celebrated in portraits, entertainment, and literature of journée.Au in government, Elizabeth was more moderate than his father and brothers. One of its mottos was "taceo and video" ("I see, and say nothing"). This strategy, viewed with impatience by her counselors, often saved from misalliances political and marital status. Though Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs and only half-heartedly supported a number of inefficient, limited means of military campaigns in the Netherlands, France and Ireland, the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated his name forever with what is popularly considered one of the greatest victories in English history. Within 20 years of her death she was celebrated as the ruler of a golden age, an image that retains its hold on the people anglais.Règne Elizabeth is known as the Elizabethan era, famous especially for the flowering of English drama, led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe, and for the maritime prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake. Some historians are more reserved in their assessment. They represent Elizabeth as an irascible, sometimes indecisive rule, who enjoyed more than his share of luck. Towards the end of his reign, a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity to the point where many of her subjects were relieved at her death..
Elizabeth is recognized as a charismatic artist and a tenacious survivor, at a time when government was ramshackle and limited and when monarchs in neighboring countries faced internal problems that jeopardize their thrones. This was the case with rival Elizabeth, Mary, Queen of Scots, whom she imprisoned in 1568 and eventually had executed in 1587. After the short reigns of Elizabeth's brother and sister, his 44 years on the throne provided stability for the kingdom of welcome and helped forge a sense of identity of nationale.Début vieElizabeth was born in Greenwich Palace to House of the Virgin, 7 September 1533 between three and four o'clock in the afternoon and named after her two grandmothers, Elizabeth of York and Elizabeth Howard. She was the second child of Henry VIII of England survive infancy, his mother was Henry's second wife, Anne Boleyn. At birth, Elizabeth was the heiress presumptive to the throne of England. His older half-sister, Mary, had lost his position as the rightful heir when Henry annulled his marriage to Mary's mother, Catherine of Aragon to marry Anne. King Henry VIII desperately wanted a legitimate son, to ensure the Tudor succession. Anne was crowned with the crown of St. Edward, is unlike any other spouse of the Queen Elizabeth while wearing. Historian Alice Hunt suggested that this was done because the pregnancy of Anne was visible at the time of the coronation, and she wore a crown that was presumed to be male. Elizabeth was baptized on September 10 during a ceremony at Greenwich Palace. Thomas Cranmer, the Marquis of Exeter, Elizabeth Howard, Duchess of Norfolk, and Margaret Wotton, Marchioness of Dorset, was that his godparents four. After Elizabeth's birth, Queen Anne failed to provide a male heir. She suffered at least two miscarriages, one in 1534 and another in early 1536. May 2, 1536, she was arrested and imprisoned. Hastily convicted on trumped up charges, she was beheaded on May 19 1536.Elizabeth, who was two years and eight months at the time, was declared illegitimate and deprived of the title of princess. Eleven days after the death of Anne Boleyn, Henry married Jane Seymour, who died 12 days after the birth of their son, Prince Edward. Elizabeth was placed in the household of Edward and brought the chrisom, or cloth of baptism, its baptême.Elizabeth I, about 1546, by artist Elizabeth inconnuMaîtresse first lady, Lady Margaret Bryan, wrote that she was "as toward a child and as gentle as ever conditions that I knew all of my life". In the fall of 1537,
Elizabeth was in the custody of Blanche Herbert, Lady Troy who remained his mistress until his retirement in late 1545 or early 1546. Catherine Champernowne, better known by her later married name of Catherine "Kat" Ashley has been appointed as governess to Elizabeth in 1537, and remained until his friend Elizabeth died in 1565, when Blanche Parry him succeeded as General of the Chamber lady private. She has clearly done a good job of Elizabeth's early education: by the time William Grindal became her tutor in 1544, Elizabeth could write English, Latin and Italian. Under Grindal, a talented and skillful tutor, she also progressed in French and Greek. After Grindal died in 1548, Elizabeth received her education under Roger Ascham, a sympathetic teacher who believes that learning should be fun. When his formal education ended in 1550, she was the best educated woman of her generation.
Queen Elizabeth 1(1558–1603) Profile
Reign 17 November 1558 – 24 March 1603
Coronation 15 January 1559 (aged 25)
Predecessor Mary I
Successor James I
House House of Tudor
Father Henry VIII
Mother Anne Boleyn
Born 7 September 1533
Greenwich, England
Died 24 March 1603 (aged 69)
Richmond, England
Burial Westminster Abbey
